Census: An Unlikely Tool of Repression in Myanmar Civil War

 

Census: An Unlikely Tool of Repression in Myanmar Civil War

In the midst of Myanmar's ongoing civil war, the ruling military junta has initiated a nationwide census. While a census is typically a tool for gathering demographic data to inform policy and development, in Myanmar's current context, it serves a more sinister purpose. This blog explores how the junta is using the census as a tool of repression and control.

Background of the Conflict

Myanmar has been embroiled in a civil war since the military coup in February 2021, which ousted the democratically elected government of Aung San Suu Kyi. The coup led to widespread protests and the formation of the National Unity Government (NUG), an opposition group that has been labeled a terrorist organization by the junta. The conflict has resulted in thousands of deaths and the displacement of millions.

The Census Initiative

In October 2024, the junta launched a nationwide census, ostensibly to prepare for elections scheduled for 2025. The census involves 42,000 enumerators and supervisors covering 110,000 enumeration areas across the country. However, the true motive behind this initiative appears to be far more insidious.

Ulterior Motives

1. Intelligence Gathering: The census is being used to gather detailed information about the population, including those who oppose the military regime. Enumerators, often accompanied by soldiers and police, are collecting data that can be used to monitor and suppress dissent.

2. Voter List Manipulation: The junta claims that the census will help create a valid voter list for the upcoming elections. However, this process is likely to be manipulated to exclude opposition supporters and ensure a favorable outcome for the military-backed parties.

3. Counterinsurgency Tool: The census is also being used as a counterinsurgency tool to identify and target areas of resistance. By mapping out the population and their affiliations, the military can more effectively deploy its forces to suppress opposition strongholds.

Implementation Challenges

The census faces significant challenges due to the ongoing conflict. Much of the country is beyond the control of the junta, making it difficult to conduct a comprehensive and accurate count. Additionally, the enumerators, who are often young women teachers, are forced to participate under duress, further undermining the credibility of the data collected.

International Response

The international community has largely condemned the junta's actions, including the census. There is widespread skepticism about the legitimacy of the upcoming elections and concerns about the use of the census data for repressive purposes. However, the junta remains undeterred, pressing ahead with its plans despite the lack of support from international organizations and foreign governments.

Conclusion